Compressor



July 24, 1 934- J. R. REPLOGL'E 1,967,385

` COMPRESSOR Fild June 25. 19:52

v T"- Y @@@OOG INVENTOR Jo 7?. eyZagZe.

BY i

Patented July 24, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE COMPRESSOR ration of Michigan Original application December 26, 1931, Serial No.

583,230. Divided and 1932, Serial No. 618,933

11 Claims.

The invention relates to refrigerating mechanisms and it has particular relation to improvements in a. compressor ordinarily forming a part of the refrigerating system. More particularly this application and the invention constitute a division of my co-pending application for patent relating to refrigerating mechanism,y Ser. No. 583,230, led December 26, 1931.

One object of the invention is to provide an imm proved compressor which permits such circulation of a cooling medium around the compressed gas in the head of the compressor that heat from the compressed refrigerant as well as from the compressor structure may more efficiently be absorbed and removed from the refrigerant and the latter obtained at a lower ltemperature following compression, to the end that the efficiency of the refrigerating system will be increased.

Another object of the invention is to provide a compressor which is so constructed that the refrigerant receiving head constitutes a unit distinct from that part of the compressor through which the cooling medium may circulate. 'This arrangement not only lowers the cost of manufacture and assembly but permits a more economical replacement of parts if this should ever be necessary, and even permits a varied operation of the compressor as it thereby may be' operated either with or without the head through which the cooling medium circulates.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the drawing relating thereto and the claims hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the head of the compressor with certain parts removed and with other parts shown in cross section for the purpose of illustrating more clearly the construction of the compressor.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of the compressor, with certain parts shown in crossV section to illustrate particularly the construction of the compressor head.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken substanmuy along the une 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 2, the base of the compressor is indicated at 10 and it Will be understood that this base is hollow for the purpose of receiving refrigerant from the discharge side of an evapis connected to the base 10 and communicates with the interior thereof and with such discharge side of the evaporator. The compressor is provided with a cylinder block 11 secured to the base 10 by bolts 12 and in the particular construction orator not shown, and that a conduit (not shown) this application June 23,

(Cl. 23o-212) shown the compressor has three cylinders indicated at 13. Preferably the cylinder block is provided with heat radiating fins 14 for facilitating the dissipation of heat from the .block during operation of the compressor. A piston 15 is mounted in each of thecylinders for reciprocatory movement therein and each piston is connected in a conventional manner to a connecting rod 16 in turn eccentrically connected to a driven shaft (not shown) extending into the base 10 of the compressor. K

'Ihe upper end wall of the piston is provided with a conventional disc type valve 17 which upon downward movement of the piston permits a free flow of gaseous refrigerant from the cylinder through such upper wall of the piston, but which upon upward movement of the piston closes tightly for the purpose o f allowing the piston to compress the refrigerant above it. A valve plate 18 covers the upper end of the' block 11 and hence each of the cylinders and during upward movement of the piston serves as a gas conning means to allow the pistons to compress the gas between the plate and the upper wall of such pistons. Over each of the cylinders, the plate 18 is provided With apertures 19 to allow the gas to escape through the plate after it has been compressed to the desired degree. A valve structure indicated generally at 20 is employed in conjunction with each cylinder for permitting the 110W of gas in one direction only through the apertures 34. A

head 21secured to the margins of the cylinder y block by means of bolts 22, is hollow and receives the compressed gas from the cylinders and it is to be noted in this connection that the bolts 22 also serve to secure the valve plate 18 to the cylinder block. Preferably, sealing gaskets 23 are provided between the valve plate and the cylinder block, and between the valve plate and the head 21 to 'prevent the escape of the compressed gaseous refrigerant. Adjacent each of the valves 20, the head 21 is provided with a projection 24 which serves as a retaining means for the upper end of a secondary spring 25 associated with a valve backing member 26. The construction of the valve forms no part of this invention but it is desired to state that the valve includes a spring disc plate 27 normally closing the apertures 19 and which opens ordinarily when the pressure of the gas in the cylinder becomes sutlicient to open the disc against the back pressure in the head 21. The spring 25 permits a wider opening of the valve to permit slugs of liquid refrigerant, for example, to pass into the head.

From this description it will be apparent that gaseous refrigerant at a relatively low pressure is received from the discharge side of the evaporator, into the hollow base of the compressor, and then during the downward strokes of the pistons the gas flows through the valves 17 into the space above the pistons and between them and the valve plate 18. Then on the upward strokes of the pistons the valves 17 automaticallyclose and the gas thus confined is compressed until the valves 20 automatically release and allow the compressed gas to ow into the hollow head 2l above the valve plate 18. It is, of course, to be understood that as soon as Ythe gas ceases to ow through the valves 20 and into the hollow head 21, the valves immediately close and the compressed gas in the head 21 is then prevented from flowing back into the cylinders.

For removing the compressed gas in the head 21, the valve plate 18 at one marginal point, as shown in Fig, 3, is provided with an aperture 30 which communicates with an aperture 31 in the side wall of the cylinder block, that extends downwardly a considerable distance below the valve plate 18. At its lower end, the aperture 31 communicates with a laterally disposed aperture 32 extending through an offset portion 33 of the cylinder block, and on said offset portion, and in registry with the opening 32, a valve connection 34 is provided for connecting the compressor to a refrigerant condenser.

For circulating cooling medium such as water around the head 21 of the compressor, the cylinder block 11 is provided with an offset annular wall 38, providing a space into which water may fiow from an inlet pipe 39 threaded through such wall. The wall 38 extends to a point flush with the upper surface of the cylinder block, and supports a second head 40 spaced from the head 21 to provide a space over and around the latter head for the circulating water. The head 40 is secured to the wall 38 by means of bolts 41 and preferably a gasket 42 is provided between the wall and the head to prevent the escape of the water. At a point substantialy opposite the entrance of the pipe 39 through wall 38, the latter is provided with a water discharge pipe 43. Water entering the space between the wall 38 and the wall of the cylinder block inwardly thereof, flows through this space, as well as between the heads 21 and 40 and absorbs considerable heat from the highly compressed gaseous refrigerant within the head 21 as well as heat from the cylinder block.

It is desired to' call attention to the fact that the apertures through which the gaseous refrigerant ows from the compressor head 21 are entirely located in parts of the compressor separate of the water head 40. This arrangement permits removal of the water head without disturbing the refrigerant circulating system and at the same time obviates extending any pipe or other connecting means through the water space. In other words, the water passages in the compressor head are entirely separate of the refrigerant passages.

J Il.' is apparent that the arrangement even permits removal of the water head on the compressor without altering the refrigerant receiving head and it would even be possible to operate th(` compressor without the water head.

The compressor described and illustrated is extreinely eflicient in operation as it facilitates cooling of the compressed refrigerant with great efficiency. Moreover the compressor is so constructed that the water'receiving head and the refrigerant receiving head are entirely separate so that they may be mounted and removed separately and accordingly replaced separately should this ever be found expedient. Moreover it is apparent that the construction of the compressor avoids refrigerant passageways through the water circulating space and hence avoids sealing problems that would otherwise be present.

Although only one form of the invention has been illustrated and described in detail it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made Without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A refrigeration compressor comprising a refrigerant compression head, a second head having a wall spaced from the first head, for receiving a cooling iiuid, means for conducting such fluid into and out of the second head, and means entirely separate of the latter head for removing compressed refrigerant from the head for the latter.

2. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block, a refrigerant compression head on the block, and a second head mounted on the compressor over the first head, for receiving a circulating cooling uid, said compressor having apertures entirely confined by the refrigerant head and cylinder block except for an opening to the exterior of the compressor, at one side and separate of the circulating uid head, for removing refrigerant from the compressor.

3. A refrigerant compressor comprising a refrigerant compression head, a second head mounted over the compression head for receiving a circulating fluid, and means for removing refrigerant from the compression head without passing it through the space between the heads.

4. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block, a refrigerant compression head on the block, said block having an aperture opening to the exterior of the compressor and extending upwardly through the side wall of the block into the compression space in the head, for removing the refrigerant, and a second head secured to the cylinder block and over the rst head.

5. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block, a refrigerant receiving head secured to the block and a second head secured to the block in spaced and housing relation to the first head for circulating a cooling medium around said rst head, said cylinder block having an opening communicating with the space within the first head and opening to the exterior of the compressor beyond the margin of the second head, so that compressed refrigerant may be removed without passing it through the second head.

6. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block. a refrigerant receiving head secured to the block, a second head secured to the block and spaced from the flrst head to provide a space for circulating a cooling medium over a wall of the rst head, and means for removing the compressed refrigerant from the first head, without passing it through any wall part of either head.

7. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block, a refrigerant receiving head secured to the block, a second head secured to the block and spaced from the first head to provide a space for circulating a cooling medium over a wall of the rst head, and means for removing the compressed refrigerant through a wall of the block without passing it through a wall part of either head.

8. A refrigerant compressor comprising a. cylinder block, a refrigerant receiving headsecured 50 to the block, means including a second head spaced from a wall of the rst head and extending in spaced relation to the side wall of the block, for circulating a cooling medium around the first head and partially around the side wall of the block, and means for removing the refrigerant from the rst head without passing it through any wall part of either head.

9. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block, a refrigerant receiving head secured to the block, an annular wall extending around the side of the cylinder block adjacent the rst head, and disposed in spaced relation thereto, a second head housing the rst head in spaced relation thereto, and secured to the annular wall, so that cooling medium may be circulated partially around the side wall of the block and around and over the first head, and means including a passageway through the blockfor removing refrigerant from the first headwithout passing it through a wall part of either head.

1U. A refrigerant compressor comprising a cylinder block, a refrigerant receiving head secured to the block, means including a second head spaced from a wall of the rst head for circulating a cooling medium around said first head, and

L means for removing refrigerant from the first 

